777 lines
19 KiB
C++
Executable File
777 lines
19 KiB
C++
Executable File
// Windows-specific high resolution timer
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// Copyright (c) 2004 Jan Wassenberg
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//
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// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
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// published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
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// License, or (at your option) any later version.
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//
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// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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// WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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// General Public License for more details.
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//
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// Contact info:
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// Jan.Wassenberg@stud.uni-karlsruhe.de
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// http://www.stud.uni-karlsruhe.de/~urkt/
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#include "precompiled.h"
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#include "lib.h"
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#include "adts.h"
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#include "sysdep/ia32.h"
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#include "detect.h"
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#include "win_internal.h"
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#include <math.h>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <numeric>
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// define to disable time sources (useful for simulating other systems)
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#define NO_QPC
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#define NO_TSC
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// automatic module init (before main) and shutdown (before termination)
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#pragma data_seg(".LIB$WIA")
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WIN_REGISTER_FUNC(wtime_init);
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#pragma data_seg(".LIB$WTA")
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WIN_REGISTER_FUNC(wtime_shutdown);
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#pragma data_seg()
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// see http://www.gamedev.net/reference/programming/features/timing/ .
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// rationale:
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// we no longer use TGT, due to issues on Win9x; GTC is just as good.
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// (don't want to accelerate the tick rate, because performance will suffer).
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// avoid dependency on WinMM (event timer) to shorten startup time;
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// fmod pulls it in, but it's delay-loaded.
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//
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// we go to the trouble of allowing switching time sources at runtime
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// (=> have to be careful to keep the timer continuous) because we want
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// to allow overriding the implementation choice via command line switch,
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// in case a time source turns out to have a serious problem.
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// (default values for HRT_NONE impl)
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// initial measurement of the time source's tick rate. not necessarily
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// correct (e.g. when using TSC; cpu_freq isn't exact).
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static double hrt_nominal_freq = -1.0;
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// actual resolution of the time source (may differ from hrt_nominal_freq
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// for timers with adjustment > 1 tick).
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static double hrt_res = -1.0;
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// current ticks per second; average of last few values measured in
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// calibrate(). needed to prevent long-term drift, and because
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// hrt_nominal_freq isn't necessarily correct. only affects the ticks since
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// last calibration - don't want to retroactively change the time.
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static double hrt_cur_freq = -1.0;
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// ticks at init or last calibration.
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// ticks since then are scaled by 1/hrt_cur_freq and added to hrt_cal_time
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// to yield the current time.
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static i64 hrt_cal_ticks = 0;
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// value of hrt_time() at last calibration. needed so that changes to
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// hrt_cur_freq don't affect the previous ticks (example: 72 ticks elapsed,
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// nominal freq = 8 => time = 9.0. if freq is calculated as 9, time would
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// go backwards to 8.0).
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static double hrt_cal_time = 0.0;
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// possible high resolution timers, in order of preference.
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// see source for timer properties + problems.
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// used as index into hrt_overrides.
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enum HRTImpl
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{
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// CPU timestamp counter
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HRT_TSC,
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// Windows QueryPerformanceCounter
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HRT_QPC,
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// Windows GetTickCount
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HRT_GTC,
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// there will always be a valid timer in use.
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// this is only used with hrt_override_impl.
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HRT_NONE,
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HRT_NUM_IMPLS
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};
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static HRTImpl hrt_impl = HRT_NONE;
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// while we do our best to work around timer problems or avoid them if unsafe,
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// future requirements and problems may be different:
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// allow the user or app to override our decisions (via hrt_override_impl)
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enum HRTOverride
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{
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// allow use of this implementation if available,
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// and we can work around its problems
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//
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// HACK: give it value 0 for easier static data initialization
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HRT_DEFAULT = 0,
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// override our 'safe to use' recommendation
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// set by hrt_override_impl (via command line arg or console function)
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HRT_DISABLE,
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HRT_FORCE
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};
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static HRTOverride overrides[HRT_NUM_IMPLS];
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// HRTImpl enums as index
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// HACK: no init needed - static data is zeroed (= HRT_DEFAULT)
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cassert(HRT_DEFAULT == 0);
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#define lock() win_lock(HRT_CS)
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#define unlock() win_unlock(HRT_CS)
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// decide upon a HRT implementation, checking if we can work around
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// each timer's issues on this platform, but allow user override
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// in case there are unforeseen problems with one of them.
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// order of preference (due to resolution and speed): TSC, QPC, GTC.
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// split out of reset_impl so we can just return when impl is chosen.
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static int choose_impl()
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{
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bool safe;
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#define SAFETY_OVERRIDE(impl)\
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if(overrides[impl] == HRT_DISABLE)\
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safe = false;\
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if(overrides[impl] == HRT_FORCE)\
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safe = true;
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#if defined(_M_IX86) && !defined(NO_TSC)
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// CPU Timestamp Counter (incremented every clock)
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// ns resolution, moderate precision (poor clock crystal?)
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//
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// issues:
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// - multiprocessor systems: may be inconsistent across CPUs.
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// we could discard really bad values, but that's still inaccurate.
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// having a high-priority thread with set CPU affinity read the TSC
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// might work, but would be rather slow. could fix the problem by
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// keeping per-CPU timer state (freq and delta). we'd use the APIC ID
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// (cpuid, function 1) or GetCurrentProcessorNumber (only available
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// on Win Server 2003) to determine the CPU. however, this is
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// too much work for little benefit ATM, so call it unsafe.
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// - deep sleep modes: TSC may not be advanced.
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// not a problem though, because if the TSC is disabled, the CPU
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// isn't doing any other work, either.
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// - SpeedStep/'gearshift' CPUs: frequency may change.
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// this happens on notebooks now, but eventually desktop systems
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// will do this as well (if not to save power, for heat reasons).
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// frequency changes are too often and drastic to correct,
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// and we don't want to mess with the system power settings.
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// => unsafe.
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if(ia32_cap(TSC) && cpu_freq > 0.0)
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{
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safe = (cpu_smp == 0 && cpu_speedstep == 0);
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SAFETY_OVERRIDE(HRT_TSC);
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if(safe)
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{
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hrt_impl = HRT_TSC;
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hrt_nominal_freq = cpu_freq;
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hrt_res = (1.0 / hrt_nominal_freq);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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#endif // TSC
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#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(NO_QPC)
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// Windows QueryPerformanceCounter API
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// implementations:
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// - PIT on Win2k - 838 ns resolution, slow to read (~3 �s)
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// - PMT on WinXP - 279 ns ", moderate overhead (700 ns?)
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// issues:
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// 1) Q274323: may jump several seconds under heavy PCI bus load.
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// not a problem, because the older systems on which this occurs
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// have safe TSCs, so that is used instead.
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// 2) "System clock problem can inflate benchmark scores":
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// incorrect value if not polled every 4.5 seconds? solved
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// by calibration thread, which reads timer every second anyway.
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// - TSC on MP HAL - see TSC above.
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// cache freq because QPF is fairly slow.
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static i64 qpc_freq = -1;
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// first call - check if QPC is supported
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if(qpc_freq == -1)
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{
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LARGE_INTEGER i;
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BOOL qpc_ok = QueryPerformanceFrequency(&i);
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qpc_freq = qpc_ok? i.QuadPart : 0;
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}
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// QPC is available
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if(qpc_freq > 0)
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{
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// PIT and PMT are safe.
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if(qpc_freq == 1193182 || qpc_freq == 3579545)
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safe = true;
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// make sure QPC doesn't use the TSC
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// (if it were safe, we would have chosen it above)
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else
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{
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// can't decide yet - assume unsafe
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if(cpu_freq == 0.0)
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safe = false;
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else
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{
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// compare QPC freq to CPU clock freq - can't rule out HPET,
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// because its frequency isn't known (it's at least 10 MHz).
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double freq_dist = fabs(cpu_freq / qpc_freq - 1.0);
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safe = freq_dist > 0.05;
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// safe if freqs not within 5% (i.e. it doesn't use TSC)
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}
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}
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SAFETY_OVERRIDE(HRT_QPC);
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if(safe)
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{
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hrt_impl = HRT_QPC;
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hrt_nominal_freq = (double)qpc_freq;
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hrt_res = (1.0 / hrt_nominal_freq);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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#endif // QPC
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//
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// GTC
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//
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safe = true;
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SAFETY_OVERRIDE(HRT_GTC);
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if(safe)
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{
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hrt_impl = HRT_GTC;
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hrt_nominal_freq = 1000.0; // units returned
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// get actual resolution
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DWORD adj; BOOL adj_disabled;
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// unused, but must be passed to GSTA
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DWORD timer_period; // in hectonanoseconds
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GetSystemTimeAdjustment(&adj, &timer_period, &adj_disabled);
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hrt_res = (timer_period / 1e7);
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return 0;
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}
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debug_warn("hrt_choose_impl: no safe timer found!");
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hrt_impl = HRT_NONE;
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hrt_nominal_freq = -1.0;
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return -1;
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}
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// return ticks (unspecified start point). lock must be held.
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//
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// split to allow calling from reset_impl_lk without recursive locking.
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// (not a problem, but avoids a BoundsChecker warning)
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static i64 ticks_lk()
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{
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switch(hrt_impl)
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{
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// TSC
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#if defined(_M_IX86) && !defined(NO_TSC)
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case HRT_TSC:
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return rdtsc();
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#endif
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// QPC
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#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(NO_QPC)
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case HRT_QPC:
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LARGE_INTEGER i;
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QueryPerformanceCounter(&i);
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return i.QuadPart;
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#endif
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// TGT
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#ifdef _WIN32
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case HRT_GTC:
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return (i64)GetTickCount();
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#endif
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// add further timers here.
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default:
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debug_warn("ticks_lk: invalid impl");
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// fall through
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case HRT_NONE:
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return 0;
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} // switch(impl)
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}
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// return seconds since init. lock must be held.
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//
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// split to allow calling from calibrate without recursive locking.
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// (not a problem, but avoids a BoundsChecker warning)
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static double time_lk()
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{
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assert(hrt_cur_freq > 0);
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assert(hrt_cal_ticks > 0);
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// elapsed ticks and time since last calibration
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const i64 delta_ticks = ticks_lk() - hrt_cal_ticks;
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const double delta_time = delta_ticks / hrt_cur_freq;
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return hrt_cal_time + delta_time;
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}
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// this module is dependent upon detect (supplies system information needed to
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// choose a HRT), which in turn uses our timer to detect the CPU clock
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// when running on Windows (clock(), the only cross platform HRT available on
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// Windows, isn't good enough - only 10..15 ms resolution).
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//
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// we first use a safe timer, and choose again after client code calls
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// hrt_override_impl when system information is available.
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// the timer will work without this call, but it won't use certain
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// implementations. we do it this way, instead of polling on each timer use,
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// because a timer implementation change may cause the timer to jump a bit.
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// choose a HRT implementation and prepare it for use. lock must be held.
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//
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// don't want to saddle timer module with the problem of initializing
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// us on first call - it wouldn't otherwise need to be thread-safe.
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static int reset_impl_lk()
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{
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HRTImpl old_impl = hrt_impl;
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// if changing implementation: get time at which to continue
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// (when switching, we set everything calibrate() would output)
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double old_time;
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// .. first call; hrt_cur_freq not initialized; can't call time_lk.
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// setting to 0 will start the timer at 0.
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if(hrt_cur_freq <= 0.0)
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old_time = 0.0;
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// .. timer has been initialized; use current reported time.
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else
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old_time = time_lk();
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CHECK_ERR(choose_impl());
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assert(hrt_impl != HRT_NONE && hrt_nominal_freq > 0.0);
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// impl has changed; reset timer state.
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if(old_impl != hrt_impl)
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{
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hrt_cur_freq = hrt_nominal_freq;
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hrt_cal_time = old_time;
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hrt_cal_ticks = ticks_lk();
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}
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return 0;
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}
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// return ticks (unspecified start point)
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static i64 hrt_ticks()
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{
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i64 t;
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lock();
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t = ticks_lk();
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unlock();
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return t;
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}
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// return seconds since init.
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static double hrt_time()
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{
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double t;
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lock();
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t = time_lk();
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unlock();
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return t;
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}
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// return seconds between start and end timestamps (returned by hrt_ticks).
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// negative if end comes before start. not intended to be called for long
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// intervals (start -> end), since the current frequency is used!
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static double hrt_delta_s(i64 start, i64 end)
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{
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// paranoia: reading double may not be atomic.
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lock();
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double freq = hrt_cur_freq;
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unlock();
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assert(freq != -1.0 && "hrt_delta_s: hrt_cur_freq not set");
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return (end - start) / freq;
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}
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// return current timer implementation and its nominal (rated) frequency.
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// nominal_freq is never 0.
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// implementation only changes after hrt_override_impl.
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//
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// may be called before first hrt_ticks / hrt_time, so do init here also.
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static void hrt_query_impl(HRTImpl& impl, double& nominal_freq, double& res)
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{
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lock();
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impl = hrt_impl;
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nominal_freq = hrt_nominal_freq;
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res = hrt_res;
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unlock();
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assert(nominal_freq > 0.0 && "hrt_query_impl: invalid hrt_nominal_freq");
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}
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// override our 'safe to use' decision.
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// resets (and chooses another, if applicable) implementation;
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// the timer may jump after doing so.
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// call with HRT_DEFAULT, HRT_NONE to re-evaluate implementation choice
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// after system info becomes available.
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static int hrt_override_impl(HRTOverride ovr, HRTImpl impl)
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{
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if((ovr != HRT_DISABLE && ovr != HRT_FORCE && ovr != HRT_DEFAULT) ||
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(impl != HRT_TSC && impl != HRT_QPC && impl != HRT_GTC && impl != HRT_NONE))
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{
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debug_warn("hrt_override: invalid ovr or impl param");
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return -1;
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}
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lock();
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overrides[impl] = ovr;
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reset_impl_lk();
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unlock();
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return 0;
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}
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//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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//
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// calibration
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//
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//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// 'safe' timer, used to measure HRT freq in calibrate()
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static const long safe_timer_freq = 1000;
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static long safe_time()
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{
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#ifdef _WIN32
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return (long)GetTickCount();
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#else
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return (long)(clock() * 1000.0 / CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
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#endif
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}
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// measure current HRT freq - prevents long-term drift; also useful because
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// hrt_nominal_freq isn't necessarily exact.
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//
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// lock must be held.
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static void calibrate_lk()
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{
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assert(hrt_cal_ticks > 0);
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// we're called from a WinMM event or after thread wakeup,
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// so the timer has just been updated.
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// no need to determine tick / compensate.
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// get elapsed HRT ticks
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const i64 hrt_cur = ticks_lk();
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const i64 hrt_d = hrt_cur - hrt_cal_ticks;
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hrt_cal_ticks = hrt_cur;
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hrt_cal_time += hrt_d / hrt_cur_freq;
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// get elapsed time from safe millisecond timer
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static long safe_last = LONG_MAX;
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// chosen so that dt and therefore hrt_est_freq will be negative
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// on first call => it won't be added to buffer
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const long safe_cur = safe_time();
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const double dt = (safe_cur - safe_last) / safe_timer_freq;
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safe_last = safe_cur;
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double hrt_est_freq = hrt_d / dt;
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// past couple of calculated hrt freqs, for averaging
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typedef RingBuf<double, 8> SampleBuf;
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static SampleBuf samples;
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if(fabs(hrt_est_freq / hrt_nominal_freq - 1.0) < 0.10)
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// only add to buffer if within 10% of nominal
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// (don't want to pollute buffer with flukes / incorrect results)
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{
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samples.push_back(hrt_est_freq);
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// average all samples in buffer
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double freq_sum = std::accumulate(samples.begin(), samples.end(), 0.0);
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hrt_cur_freq = freq_sum / (int)samples.size();
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}
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else
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{
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samples.clear();
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hrt_cur_freq = hrt_nominal_freq;
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}
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assert(hrt_cur_freq > 0);
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}
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|
|
|
|
|
// calibration thread
|
|
// note: winmm event is better than a thread or just checking elapsed time
|
|
// in hrt_ticks, because it's called right after GTC is updated;
|
|
// otherwise, we may be in the middle of a tick.
|
|
// however, we want to avoid dependency on WinMM to shorten startup time.
|
|
// hence, start a thread.
|
|
|
|
static HANDLE hThread;
|
|
static HANDLE hExitEvent;
|
|
|
|
#include <process.h>
|
|
|
|
static unsigned __stdcall calibration_thread(void* data)
|
|
{
|
|
UNUSED(data);
|
|
|
|
for(;;)
|
|
{
|
|
if(WaitForSingleObject(hExitEvent, 1000) != WAIT_TIMEOUT)
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
lock();
|
|
calibrate_lk();
|
|
unlock();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
static inline int init_calibration_thread()
|
|
{
|
|
hExitEvent = CreateEvent(0, 0, 0, 0);
|
|
hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(0, 0, calibration_thread, 0, 0, 0);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
static inline int shutdown_calibration_thread()
|
|
{
|
|
SetEvent(hExitEvent);
|
|
if(WaitForSingleObject(hThread, 100) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
|
|
TerminateThread(hThread, 0);
|
|
CloseHandle(hThread);
|
|
CloseHandle(hExitEvent);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
static int hrt_init()
|
|
{
|
|
lock();
|
|
|
|
reset_impl_lk();
|
|
int err = init_calibration_thread();
|
|
|
|
unlock();
|
|
return err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
static int hrt_shutdown()
|
|
{
|
|
lock();
|
|
|
|
int err = shutdown_calibration_thread();
|
|
|
|
unlock();
|
|
return err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
|
|
//
|
|
// wtime wrapper: emulates POSIX functions
|
|
//
|
|
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
|
|
|
|
|
|
static const long _1e6 = 1000000;
|
|
static const i64 _1e9 = 1000000000;
|
|
|
|
// return nanoseconds since posix epoch as reported by system time
|
|
// only 10 or 15 ms resolution!
|
|
static i64 st_time_ns()
|
|
{
|
|
union
|
|
{
|
|
FILETIME ft;
|
|
i64 i;
|
|
}
|
|
t;
|
|
GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&t.ft);
|
|
// Windows system time is hectonanoseconds since Jan. 1, 1601
|
|
return (t.i - 0x019DB1DED53E8000) * 100;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// return nanoseconds since posix epoch as reported by HRT.
|
|
// we get system time at init and add HRT elapsed time.
|
|
static i64 time_ns()
|
|
{
|
|
// we don't really need to get the HRT start time (it starts at 0,
|
|
// and will be slightly higher when we get here; doesn't matter if the
|
|
// time returned is a few ms off the real system time). do so anyway,
|
|
// because we have to get the starting ST value anyway.
|
|
static double hrt_start_time;
|
|
static i64 st_start;
|
|
|
|
if(!st_start)
|
|
{
|
|
hrt_start_time = hrt_time();
|
|
st_start = st_time_ns();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
const double dt = hrt_time() - hrt_start_time;
|
|
const i64 ns = st_start + (i64)(dt * _1e9);
|
|
return ns;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
static int wtime_init()
|
|
{
|
|
hrt_init();
|
|
|
|
// first call latches start times
|
|
time_ns();
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int wtime_shutdown()
|
|
{
|
|
return hrt_shutdown();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void wtime_reset_impl()
|
|
{
|
|
hrt_override_impl(HRT_DEFAULT, HRT_NONE);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
static void sleep_ns(i64 ns)
|
|
{
|
|
DWORD ms = DWORD(ns / _1e6);
|
|
if(ms != 0)
|
|
Sleep(ms);
|
|
else
|
|
{
|
|
i64 t0 = hrt_ticks(), t1;
|
|
do
|
|
t1 = hrt_ticks();
|
|
while(hrt_delta_s(t0, t1) * _1e9 < ns);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
int clock_gettime(clockid_t clock, struct timespec* t)
|
|
{
|
|
#ifndef NDEBUG
|
|
if(clock != CLOCK_REALTIME || !t)
|
|
{
|
|
debug_warn("clock_gettime: invalid clock or t param");
|
|
return -1;
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
const i64 ns = time_ns();
|
|
t->tv_sec = (time_t)(ns / _1e9);
|
|
t->tv_nsec = (long) (ns % _1e9);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
int clock_getres(clockid_t clock, struct timespec* ts)
|
|
{
|
|
#ifndef NDEBUG
|
|
if(clock != CLOCK_REALTIME || !ts)
|
|
{
|
|
debug_warn("clock_getres: invalid clock or res param");
|
|
return -1;
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
HRTImpl impl;
|
|
double nominal_freq, res;
|
|
hrt_query_impl(impl, nominal_freq, res);
|
|
|
|
ts->tv_sec = 0;
|
|
ts->tv_nsec = (long)(res * 1e9);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
int nanosleep(const struct timespec* rqtp, struct timespec* /* rmtp */)
|
|
{
|
|
i64 ns = rqtp->tv_sec; // make sure we don't overflow
|
|
ns *= _1e9;
|
|
ns += rqtp->tv_nsec;
|
|
sleep_ns(ns);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
int gettimeofday(struct timeval* tv, void* tzp)
|
|
{
|
|
UNUSED(tzp);
|
|
|
|
#ifndef NDEBUG
|
|
if(!tv)
|
|
{
|
|
debug_warn("gettimeofday: invalid t param");
|
|
return -1;
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
const long us = (long)(time_ns() / 1000);
|
|
tv->tv_sec = (time_t) (us / _1e6);
|
|
tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t)(us % _1e6);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
uint sleep(uint sec)
|
|
{
|
|
Sleep(sec * 1000);
|
|
return sec;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
int usleep(useconds_t us)
|
|
{
|
|
// can't overflow, because us < 1e6
|
|
sleep_ns(us * 1000);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|